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Introduction to AWS Welding Standards

• AWS D1.1/D1.1M: Structural Welding Code – Steel: This is the most commonly used AWS standard. It covers the requirements for design, procedures, qualification, fabrication, inspection, and repair of welded structures made from tubes, plates, and structural shapes subjected to static and cyclic loading. Applicable to steel structures in buildings, bridges, machinery, vehicles, and more, it includes welding connection design, procedure and performance qualification, fabrication, inspection, stud welding, as well as strengthening and repair of existing structures. Mastery of this standard is essential for anyone working with structural steel welding.

• AWS D1.2/D1.2M: Structural Welding Code – Aluminum: This standard covers welding requirements for aluminum alloy structures, excluding pressure vessels and pressure piping. Applicable to aerospace, rail transportation, shipbuilding, automotive, and other aluminum structure welding fields, it includes welding connection design, procedure and performance qualification, fabrication, inspection, stud welding, as well as strengthening and repair of existing structures. Mastery of this standard is essential for anyone working with aluminum structure welding.

• AWS D17.1/D17.1M: Specification for Fusion Welding for Aerospace Applications: This standard specifies requirements for fusion welding processes used in the aerospace industry, including welding procedure qualification, welder and welding operator qualification, welding quality, and acceptance criteria. Applicable to aircraft, rockets, satellites, and other aerospace equipment, it also covers advanced welding technologies like laser beam welding, resistance welding, and friction stir welding of aluminum alloys. Mastery of this standard is essential for anyone working in aerospace welding.

• ASME Section IX: Welding, Brazing, and Fusing Qualifications (ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code): Developed by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), this standard is primarily used for welding and brazing procedure qualification for boilers and pressure vessels, but also applies to qualification in other fields. It specifies requirements for Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS), Procedure Qualification Records (PQR), and personnel qualification. Mastery of this standard is essential for anyone working with welding and brazing in boilers, pressure vessels, or related fields.

• AWS D1.3/D1.3M: Structural Welding Code – Sheet Steel: This standard addresses welding requirements for sheet steel 1/8 inch (3 mm) or less in thickness. Applicable to sheet steel structures in furniture, appliances, agricultural equipment, and similar fields, it includes welding connection design, procedure and performance qualification, fabrication, inspection, and stud welding. Mastery of this standard is essential for anyone working with sheet steel structure welding.

• AWS D1.5/D1.5M: Bridge Welding Code: This standard covers requirements for the welding design, fabrication, inspection, and repair of bridges. Applicable to highway and railway bridges, it includes welding connection design, procedure and performance qualification, fabrication, inspection, stud welding, as well as strengthening and repair of existing bridges. Mastery of this standard is essential for anyone working in bridge welding.

• AWS D1.6/D1.6M: Structural Welding Code – Stainless Steel: This standard addresses welding requirements for stainless steel structures. Applicable to building, chemical, food processing, medical, and other stainless steel structure welding fields, it includes welding connection design, procedure and performance qualification, fabrication, inspection, stud welding, as well as strengthening and repair of existing structures. Mastery of this standard is essential for anyone working with stainless steel structure welding.

• AWS D1.9/D1.9M: Structural Welding Code – Titanium: This standard addresses welding requirements for titanium and titanium alloy structures. Applicable to aerospace, chemical processing, medical, and other titanium structure welding fields, it includes welding connection design, procedure and performance qualification, fabrication, inspection, stud welding, as well as strengthening and repair of existing structures. Mastery of this standard is essential for anyone working with titanium structure welding.

• AWS C7.4/C7.4M: Recommended Practices for Laser Beam Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification: This standard addresses requirements for Laser Beam Welding Procedure Specifications (LBWPS) and Laser Beam Welding Operator Performance Qualification (LBWOPQ). Applicable to laser beam welding of various materials and structures, it also covers the fundamental principles of laser welding, safety requirements, process parameters, quality control, and inspection methods. Mastery of this standard is essential for anyone working with laser beam welding.